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KMID : 0857920220250020085
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Yonsei Journal of Medical History
2022 Volume.25 No. 2 p.85 ~ p.119
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A Geopolitical Study of the New Provincial Hospital during the Period of Governor-Generals Ugaki, Minami, and Koiso
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Lee Bang-Weon
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Abstract
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This study attempted to determine the characteristics of fourteen provincial hospitals established during the period of Governor-Generals Ugaki, Minami, and Koiso (i.e., the time of military baseization) by combining the direction of the Japanese colonial policy, the governor-generals’ policy initiatives, and the necessities of the local people.
The regions and the characteristics of their provincial hospitals, which were established after Governor Ugaki took office, are as follows: 1) Incheon and Wonsan, where prefectural hospitals were succeeded by provincial hospitals during the expansion of the cities; 2) Hongseong, Bukcheong, Chungju, and Anju, the second and third largest cities of provinices which encompassed nearby areas; 3) Icheon and Anseong, which can be explained in conjunction with the rural promotion policies; 4) Wonsan, Sakju, Samcheok, and Pohang, which can be linked to industrial development policies. Those rural promotion policies and industrial development policies were implemented in the process of reorganizing colonial Joseon into a space for military bases. These were all areas where human and material resources could be moved smoothly thanks to the construction of railways, and all the facilities required for the settlement of the Japanese and the development of their companies and factories were concentrated in these locations. As a result, the population grew, especially the Japanese one. Furthermore, each provincial hospital was divided into an independent provincial hospital, a provincial branch hospital, and a provincial branch office; a branch office was promoted to a branch or an independent hospital due to the development of the region and the increase in the number of patients. To conclude, the expansion of provincial hospitals after the appointment of Governor Ugaki was closely related to the regional growth aimed at realizing the policy initiatives of the Japanese, especially the Joseon governor. The provincial hospitals were institutions that followed the basic direction of Japanese colonial rule and its medical policy.
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KEYWORD
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Japanese colonial period, Provincial Hospital, Ugaki(宇垣一成), Minami(南次郞), Koiso(小磯國昭)
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